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Renewable synthetic fuel: turning carbon dioxide back into fuel

《能源前沿（英文）》 2022年第16卷第2期页码 145-149 doi: 10.1007/s11708-022-0828-6

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Prediction of cutting force in turning of UD-GFRP using mathematical model and simulated annealing

Meenu GUPTA, Surinder Kumar GILL

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2012年第7卷第4期页码 417-426 doi: 10.1007/s11465-012-0343-2

摘要：

Glass fiber reinforced plastics (GFRPs) composite is considered to be an alternative to heavy exortic materials. According to the need for accurate machining of composites has increased enormously. During machining, the obtaining cutting force is an important aspect. The present investigation deals with the study and development of a cutting force prediction model for the machining of unidirectional glass fiber reinforced plastics (UD-GFRP) composite using regression modeling and optimization by simulated annealing. The process parameters considered include cutting speed, feed rate and depth of cut. The predicted values radial cutting force model is compared with the experimental values. The results of prediction are quite close with the experimental values. The influences of different parameters in machining of UD-GFRP composite have been analyzed.

关键词： UD-GFRP ANOVA radial cutting force PCD tool Taguchi method regression analysis simulated annealing multi objective techniques

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Shadow obstacle model for realistic corner-turning behavior in crowd simulation

Gao-qi HE,Yi JIN,Qi CHEN,Zhen LIU,Wen-hui YUE,Xing-jian LU

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2016年第17卷第3期页码 200-211 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1500253

摘要： This paper describes a novel model known as the shadow obstacle model to generate a realistic corner-turning behavior in crowd simulation. The motivation for this model comes from the observation that people tend to choose a safer route rather than a shorter one when turning a corner. To calculate a safer route, an optimization method is proposed to generate the corner-turning rule that maximizes the viewing range for the agents. By combining psychological and physical forces together, a full crowd simulation framework is established to provide a more realistic crowd simulation. We demonstrate that our model produces a more realistic corner-turning behavior by comparison with real data obtained from the experiments. Finally, we perform parameter analysis to show the believability of our model through a series of experiments.

关键词： Corner-turning behavior Crowd simulation Safety awareness Rule-based model

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Application of high-turning bowed compressor stator to redesign of highly loaded fan stage

LI Shaobin, SU Jiexian, WANG Zhongqi

《能源前沿（英文）》 2008年第2卷第4期页码 534-540 doi: 10.1007/s11708-008-0066-6

摘要： A redesign of a highly loaded fan stage by using high-turning bowed compressor stator was conducted. The original tandem stator was replaced by the highly loaded bowed stator which was applicable to highly subsonic flow conditions. 3D contouring technique and local modification of blade were applied to the design of the bowed blade in order to improve the aerodynamic performance and the matching of the rotor and stator blade rows. Performance curves at different rotating speeds and performances at different operating points for both the original fan stage and redesigned fan stage were obtained by numerical simulations. The results show that the highly loaded bowed stator can be used not only to improve the structure and the aerodynamic performances at various operating points of the compressor stage but also to provide high performances at off-design conditions. It is believed that the highly loaded bowed stator can advance the design of high-performance compressor.

关键词： off-design different numerical contouring technique high-performance compressor

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Research on the dynamic mechanical characteristics and turning tool life under the conditions of excessivelyheavy-duty turning

Genghuang HE, Xianli LIU, Fugang YAN

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2012年第7卷第3期页码 329-334 doi: 10.1007/s11465-012-0303-x

摘要：

The dynamic mechanical characteristics of excessively heavy-duty cutting were analyzed based on the cutting experiments with 2.25Cr-1Mo-0.25V steel used in hydrogenated cylindrical shells. By investigating the influence of dynamic mechanical characteristics on the tools’ failure in limited heavy-duty cutting processes, the model of dynamic shearing force in the cutting area was established. However, the experimental results showed that the dynamic shear flow stress in the cutting area greatly influenced the tools’ fatigue. The heavy-duty cutting tool was damaged in the form of a shearing fracture. Through a comprehensive analysis of the theory, the critical condition of the tools’ fracture under extreme loading was established.

关键词： extreme loading cutting shear flow stress dynamic cutting force fatigue fracture

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Effect of magneto rheological damper on tool vibration during hard turning

P. Sam PAUL, A. S. VARADARAJAN

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2012年第7卷第4期页码 410-416 doi: 10.1007/s11465-012-0341-4

摘要：

Recently, the concept of hard turning has gained considerable attention in metal cutting as it can apparently replace the traditional process cycle of turning, heat treating, and finish grinding for assembly of hard wear resistant steel parts. The present investigation aims at developing a magneto rheological (MR) fluid damper for suppressing tool vibration and promoting better cutting performance during hard turning. The magneto rheological Fluid acts as a viscoelastic spring with non-linear vibration characteristics that are controlled by the composition of the magneto rheological fluid, the shape of the plunger and the electric parameters of the magnetizing field. Cutting experiments were conducted to arrive at a set of electrical, compositional and shape parameters that can suppress tool vibration and promote better cutting performance during turning of AISI 4340 steel of 46 HRC with minimal fluid application using hard metal insert with sculptured rake face. It was observed that the use of MR fluid damper reduces tool vibration and improves the cutting performance effectively. Also commercialization of this idea holds promise to the metal cutting industry.

关键词： tool vibration magneto rheological damper hard turning surface finish tool wear

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Sub-nanometer finishing of polycrystalline tin by inductively coupled plasma-assisted cutting

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2023年第18卷第3期 doi: 10.1007/s11465-023-0751-5

摘要： Polycrystalline tin is an ideal excitation material for extreme ultraviolet light sources. However, the existence of grain boundary (GB) limits the surface roughness of polycrystalline tin after single-point diamond turning (SPDT). In this work, a novel method termed inductively coupled plasma (ICP)-assisted cutting was developed for the sub-nanometer finishing of polycrystalline tin. The relationship between ICP power, processing time, and modification depth was established by thermodynamic simulation, and the fitted heat transfer coefficient of polycrystalline tin was 540 W/(m²·K). The effects of large-thermal-gradient ICP treatment on the microstructure of polycrystalline tin were studied. After 0.9 kW ICP processing for 3.0 s, corresponding to the temperature gradient of 0.30 K/µm, the grain size of polycrystalline tin was expanded from a size of approximately 20–80 μm to a millimeter scale. The Taguchi method was used to investigate the effects of rotational speed, depth of cut, and feed rate on SPDT. Experiments conducted based on the ICP system indicated that the plasma-assisted cutting method promoted the reduction of the influence of GB steps on the finishing of polycrystalline tin, thereby achieving a surface finish from 8.53 to 0.80 nm in Sa. The results of residual stress release demonstrated that the residual stress of plasma-assisted turning processing after 504 h stress release was 10.7 MPa, while that of the turning process without the ICP treatment was 41.6 MPa.

关键词： plasma-assisted cutting polycrystalline tin single-point diamond turning surface roughness

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Nanoparticle-enhanced coolants in machining: mechanism, application, and prospects

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2023年第18卷第4期 doi: 10.1007/s11465-023-0769-8

摘要： Nanoparticle-enhanced coolants (NPECs) are increasingly used in minimum quantity lubrication (MQL) machining as a green lubricant to replace conventional cutting fluids to meet the urgent need for carbon emissions and achieve sustainable manufacturing. However, the thermophysical properties of NPEC during processing remain unclear, making it difficult to provide precise guidance and selection principles for industrial applications. Therefore, this paper reviews the action mechanism, processing properties, and future development directions of NPEC. First, the laws of influence of nano-enhanced phases and base fluids on the processing performance are revealed, and the dispersion stabilization mechanism of NPEC in the preparation process is elaborated. Then, the unique molecular structure and physical properties of NPECs are combined to elucidate their unique mechanisms of heat transfer, penetration, and anti-friction effects. Furthermore, the effect of NPECs is investigated on the basis of their excellent lubricating and cooling properties by comprehensively and quantitatively evaluating the material removal characteristics during machining in turning, milling, and grinding applications. Results showed that turning of Ti‒6Al‒4V with multi-walled carbon nanotube NPECs with a volume fraction of 0.2% resulted in a 34% reduction in tool wear, an average decrease in cutting force of 28%, and a 7% decrease in surface roughness Ra, compared with the conventional flood process. Finally, research gaps and future directions for further applications of NPECs in the industry are presented.

关键词： nanoparticle-enhanced coolant minimum quantity lubrication biolubricant thermophysical properties turning milling grinding

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重大装备研发成果转化为生产力的理论与实践

张晓鲁

《中国工程科学》 2011年第13卷第8期页码 50-54

摘要：

从发电企业的科技研发与工程应用特点着手，阐述了重大装备研发成果转化为生产力的理论分析和组织方法。作者面对广泛存在的科技研发到成果应用旷日持久、难以推进的普遍问题，推行“用户主导，产学研联合”，“以示范工程的商业化实施为导向、以工程项目管理的责任体系为前提、集中全国的优势力量联合攻关，形成企业负责，研究机构支撑”的重大装备研发管理思路，探索了“研发与推广同步”的成果推广模式。用2个案例阐述了这种科研管理方法取得的成效，其中“超超临界燃煤发电技术”在电力发展中得到广泛应用，成为我国新建大型燃煤电厂的首选技术；“火电机组空冷系统研发与工程示范”项目解决了我国北方地区发电厂的节水问题。笔者还剖析了在科研成果所属权和成果认定过程中存在的问题，并提出了相应建议。

关键词：研发重大装备产学研联合成果转化管理

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Simulation model based on Monte Carlo method for traffic assignment in local area road network

Yuchuan DU, Yuanjing GENG, Lijun SUN

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2009年第3卷第2期页码 195-203 doi: 10.1007/s11709-009-0032-3

摘要： For a local area road network, the available traffic data of traveling are the flow volumes in the key intersections, not the complete OD matrix. Considering the circumstance characteristic and the data availability of a local area road network, a new model for traffic assignment based on Monte Carlo simulation of intersection turning movement is provided in this paper. For good stability in temporal sequence, turning ratio is adopted as the important parameter of this model. The formulation for local area road network assignment problems is proposed on the assumption of random turning behavior. The traffic assignment model based on the Monte Carlo method has been used in traffic analysis for an actual urban road network. The results comparing surveying traffic flow data and determining flow data by the previous model verify the applicability and validity of the proposed methodology.

关键词： traffic assignment local area road network turning ratio Monte Carlo method

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广东中远号空中翻身造船门式起重机的研制与应用

黄耀怡,王景全,张志华,王旭

《中国工程科学》 2012年第14卷第7期页码 40-45

摘要：

通过对广东中远号空中翻身造船门式起重机的成功研制和应用情况的扼要介绍，着重论述了这种新装备、新技术的几项创新成果的技术特征及其重要意义，包括船段空中连续翻身技术与工艺、双柱塔式刚性支腿与观光型登机电梯设计、门架结构双主梁分层设计制造技术、随动型维修吊机和低压双卷筒电缆供电技术等。

关键词：造船起重机研制应用

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煤净化燃烧及伴生物产品化

朱雪芳

《中国工程科学》 1999年第1卷第1期页码 53-57

摘要：

煤净化燃烧及伴生物产品化新工艺，是在电厂燃煤中加特制的掺烧剂共同粉磨产生亲合颗粒，喷入锅炉内进行亲合煅烧。保证供热发电的同时实现降低残炭、提高粉煤灰活性、固结脱硫、降低No_x、CO²，并将全部固态伴生物在具有速烧速冷的燃煤锅炉内直接生成优质水泥熟料；实现基本消除燃烧的全部污染（气体和固体污染），且不产生二次污染，从而达到清洁生产的目的。

关键词：净化燃烧伴生物产品化速烧速冷固结脱硫亲合颗料亲合煅烧

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工业废渣资源化——针铁矿渣价值化过程的环境影响评价 Article

Andrea Di Maria, Karel Van Acker

《工程（英文）》 2018年第4卷第3期页码 421-429 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2018.05.008

摘要：

针铁矿是锌生产过程中产生的富含金属的灰渣。从针铁矿中回收金属被证明是可行的，但大规模回收不具备经济可行性。因此，目前针铁矿采用填埋处理，不仅经济成本高，而且环境风险大。本研究的目标是对一种新的针铁矿灰渣稳定化方法进行环境影响评价，该方法旨在回收针铁矿中有用的锌并通过生成清洁副产物避免填埋针铁矿。所述的针铁矿稳定化方法包含两道工序：① 等离子体烟化和②烟化渣无机聚合。等离子体烟化通过针铁矿烟化回收有用金属。脱去金属的烟化渣经无机聚合形成无机聚合物，无机聚合物可作为一种新建材代替普通硅酸盐水泥（OPC）混凝土。生命周期评价（LCA）用于比较无机聚合物的环境影响与等效普通硅酸盐水泥混凝土的环境影响。生命周期评价结果显示烟化法和无机聚合的环境负担与回收金属、代替普通硅酸盐水泥混凝土、避免针铁矿填埋的环境效益之间此消彼长的关系。由于避免了针铁矿的填埋，用针铁矿生产无机聚合物在一些环境影响类别里的环境表现更好。然而，在全球变暖等另外一些环境影响类别里，针铁矿稳定化受到等离子体烟化法高能耗要求的影响很大，能耗要求高是本文提出的针铁矿回收方案的环境热点。本文指出了实现针铁矿可持续稳定化的关键要素，包括使用清洁能源、提高烟化气排放控制的有效性和通过提高无机聚合过程的效率减少烟化渣的使用。

关键词：针铁矿回收利用等离子体渣烟化无机聚合生命周期评价

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思维的两重性及其向创造性思维的转化纪念钱学森院士《关于思维科学》发表15周年

梁桂明

《中国工程科学》 2003年第5卷第2期页码 26-34

摘要：

进入21世纪的新时代，带来与思维相关的两个特征：创新与共融。关于创新，如何激发创造性思维？成为热门的话题。从唯物辩证法的哲学的认识论和真理的相对性的高度来探索，发现任何一种思维形式（包括演绎法思维和定势-习惯思维）都具有两重性，即非创造性与创造性并存，在一定条件下，非创造性思维可以转化或激发为创造性思维，产生新知识，获得创新成果。关于共融，如何进行思维的界定和分类，有许多种说法。笔者把心理学与生理学的成果融合起来，形成两大类，即左半脑主导的理性思维和右半脑主导的悟性思维。其基本的思维形式的分类与思维的大类结合，成为两大类7种。把辩证法和共融结合，得到下列结论：理性思维与感性思维的统一，原有知识与新知识的统一，设想与验证的统一，发现与发明的统一，科学（真感）与艺术（美感）的统一。对最后一个结论，笔者以工业产品造型设计原理的探索为例加以说明。此原理在工业设计上属首次推出。

关键词：创造性思维转化条件知识的相对性融合